The most widespread forest formations are mainly constituted by quercine species. Of great importance is the presence of oak ( Q. pubescens L.) but also of the holm oak ( Q. ilex L.), of oak ( Q. cerris L.), the thorny oak ( Q. coccifera Oak L.) of Palestine ( Q. calliprinos Webb) of farnetto ( Q. frainetto Ten.) and the rare fragno ( Quercus trojana Webb) and undergrowth consisting of honeysuckle ( Lonicera sp.), hawthorn ( Crataegus monogyna Jacq.) and numerous herbaceous species and shrubby including peony ( Paeonia mascula L. Mill.), clematis (Clematis flammula L.), the rose of San Giovanni ( Rosa sempervirens L.), wild rose ( Rosa canina L.), gigaro ( Arum italicum Mill.) Cyclamen ( Cyclamen hederifolium Aiton).
They are also popular artificial plants prevalence of Aleppo pine. It is reforestation be implemented in about fifty years starting in 1930, involving, for an area of about 25,000 hectares, the inland areas and coastal Puglia bands.
The pine forests are constituted mainly by Aleppo pine ( Pinus halepensis Mill.) And common cypress ( Cupressus sempervirens L.) with undergrowth of oak and coccifera, mastic ( Pistacia lentiscus L.) and ilatro ( Phillyrea sp.). The steppe areas are characterized by a herbaceous vegetation which includes priority species such as stipa ( Stipa austroitalica Martinowsky) and numerous orchid species belonging to the genera Serapias , Orchis and Ophrys including the species, recently discovered, called Ophrys murgiana .
The arboreal-shrubby vegetation characterizing the natural pastures consists of olive ( Olea europaea var. Sylvestris L.), almond ( Amygdalus communis L.), marruca ( Paliurus spina christi Mill.), Loquat ( Mespilus germanica L.), sloe ( Prunus spinosa L.), wild pear ( Pyrus amygdaliformis ), wild almond ( Prunus webbii Spach), hawthorn ( Crataegus monogyna Jacq.), ramno ( Rhamnus saxatilis Jacq.).
